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DESIGN AN IMPLEMENTATION OF A
COMPUTER BASED SEAPORT BILLING SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
Handling of cargo has been a
circular task all these while in our various ports. And Nigerian Ports
Authority (N.P.A) being an organization responsible for seeing to the affairs
of our various sea ports in Nigeria, have worked endlessly to make sure cargoes
are properly handled without much complain of damage or misplacement. To ease
the operation of cargo handling in our sea ports, researcher took up this study
by critically understanding the work, procedure involved, analysis of the
various steps and at the same time detecting problem in the present system and
designing a new system that has solution to the problem of the existing system.
The new design is computerized and is subject to modification at any given
time. It also have this interaction feature and accurate in it’s output.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Nigeria Ports Authority is a government owned organization under the
supervision of the federal Ministry of transport with responsibility of
providing specific ports and labor services for the country’s meantime
industry.
One of their numerous duties and major functions is the provision of Cargo
Handling Quays facilities. Right from the inception of this company, the
billing system has been manually processed. The port complex is in the
early stage of computerization and the manual method of preparing customers’
bills are delayed.
A
computer-based billing system is necessary for handling and preparing of
accurate bills for customers. The new system will facilitate the prompt
preparation of bills, easy retrieval of information, security to vital
information and resource sharing among the billing department.
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY:
Once Port complex is located near
Port Harcourt, Rivers State of Nigeria, the port is a natural port and was
established about twenty years ago, firstly with the construction and
commissioning of the Federal Lighter Terminal (FLT) in 1982 and later the
Federal Ocean Terminal (FOT) in 1996.
These two terminals handle lighter
(smaller) vessels and ocean-going vessels respectively. The average
draught of FLT is about 5.7m while that of FOT is about 13.0m being the
cheapest in the West and Central African sub-region. In this regard, the
FOT is envisaged to be attiacting more cargo ship and traffic not only as a
transit but also as a transshipment center in the sub-region. It however
did not have any mechanical handling equipment for billing.
The billing system is presently
handling manually by the marketing department of this port. The marketing
department of the port took over the function of revenue billing from the
traffic department in the 80’s. Their main function is to raise customer’s
bills of all statutory charges against port users for the services rendered to
them. These services includes Rental period at the number of days the
consignment in within the port vicinity, NPA shore handling, transfer service,
documentation, terminal delivery value added tax (VAT) and miscellaneous.
The role at which the bills are
prepared with the increasing number of customer is insignificant. There
are procedural ways in which these bills are being prepared. They are the
provisional bills of vessels, the final bills of vessels and the miscellaneous
bills. A staff has to raise as many bills as the number of the customer
increases: more importantly, delays bring extra cost on the importer, and this
makes the importer feel disappointed when they come to collect their raised
bills.
Hence, a thorough investigation and
analysis of the manual billing method enables me to gain understanding on the
true nature of their problems and design a computerized seaport billing system
that would bring solutions to the problem inherent.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
History has it that the billing
system in Nigeria Port Authority, one port has been plagues by several factors
based on the current manual process by the use of the Draft import Debit and
import Debit Note, these factors includes:
·
Fills and records are not properly kept
·
Errors are easily made and hardly detected
·
A lot of time is wasted to prepare bills
·
Information is not well documented
·
Security of files or document is not granted.
1.3
PURPOSE OF STUDY
The main aim of this study is to
computerize Nigeria Ports Authority, Onne Port billing system in order to
improve their transaction rate of services to their various customers.
1.4
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The primary aim of this project
research is to develop a computer-based seaport billing system that will handle
the bills raised for various customers specifically in NPA, Onne Port. A
computer –based system can be ‘batched’ or ‘interactive’. A batch
processing system is one where transactions are accumulated into batches of
suitable sizes, then each batch is sorted and processed as a simple unit.
Batch processing has a degree of delay. Interactive systems are
those which allow the user to input data in response to the information
displayed on the screen.
This project is concerned with only ever, the researcher touched all
parts of system design that will enhance a computer based billing system in
NPA.
1.5
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
During the course of this project
work, the researcher batted with time and money constraint which nearly
affected the progress of the work. Despite all odds, the researcher was
able to produce a defendable work.
1.6
SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The need for a study of this nature
can not be over emphasized. It is expected that with the designed system,
one can realize some important effects of the computerized billing system.
Some of the effects are :-
·
The chances of frauds of any kind will be
drastically reduced as well as errors on customer’s bill.
·
The new system saves time and facilitates the
prompt raising of bills as delay brings on extra cost to customers.
·
The information flow is well maintained and
it enhances the top management decision making.
·
The new system ensures ease of processing and
hence ensures faster processing of output on customers waiting to collect
theirì¥ÁG personal property other than animals.
1.
CONSIGNMENT: The same as the container of goods.
2.
CONSIGNEE: The same as importer of
the container.
3.
GROUPAGE: When two or more
importers come together to improve one or more containers.
4.
HARBOUR: This is a safe
place where ships can be to load or unload.
5.
HARDWARE: Is all the physical devices
around the computer.
6.
INTERACTIVE PROCESSING: A process
where by the users communicates directly with the computer.
7.
PORT: It means the
commercial area of the harbor at the part of the harbor used for loading and in
loading of goods.
8.
QUATS: A stone or metal plate form in
a harbor where boats/ships come in to load.
9.
SOFTWRE: All the
programs in the computer.
10.
SYSTEM: This is a set of interrelated elements working
together to form a unit to get some output.
11.
SYSTEM FLOWCHART: This is a diagrammatic
representation of logical flow of development of a system through different
stages or processes around the computer and its various task.
12.
TARIFF: Tax on a particular class of imported goods.
13.
TRANSFER CHARGE: The money paid for
the services rendered by N.P.A in transferring the consignment from the ship to
the port.
14.
VAT: Value Added Tax-tax on the
value of a product at each stage of manufacture and marketing.
h
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